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Home » Raw Herbs » Seeds

Abrus precatorius  L.

   

click to enlarge image

Botanical Name

:

Abrus precatorius L.

English Name

:

Indian Liquorice Root, Rosary pea, crab’s eyes, precatory pea, licorice vine

Synonym(s)

:

Abrus abrus (L.) W. Wight.

Family

:

Fabaceae

 

General Info

Description

Abrus precatorius is a slender, perennial climber that twines around trees, shrubs, and hedges. It has no special organs of attachment. It has a slender branch and a cylindrical wrinkled stem with a smooth-textured brown bark. Leaves are glabrous with long internodes. Leaves alternate petioled, 5-13 cm (2-5 in) long, even-pinnately compound with 5-15 pairs of leaflets, these oval to oblong, to 1.8 cm (< 1 in) long, with margins entire. Flowers are small and pale violet in colour with a short stalk, arranged in clusters. The ovary has a marginal placentation. The fruit, which is a pod, is flat, oblong and truncate- shaped with a sharp deflexed beak is about 3 to 4.5 cm long, 1.2 cm wide, and silky-textured. Each fruit contains from 3 to 5 oval-shaped seeds, about 0.6 cm.

Herb Effects

Cytotoxic and anthelmintic (seed); antiestrogenic (root); stimulates the cardiovascular system (aerial part); Abortifacient (seed and root), anodyne, aphrodisiac, antimicrobial, diuretic, emetic, expectorant, febrifuge, hemostat, laxative, purgative, refrigerant, sedative, vermifuge, anti-fertility activity (Prakash & Mathur, 1976), antitumour activity

Links

Abrus precatorius L
PIER,
Backyard Gardner.com
Ethnobotany Material Safety Data Sheet

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Abrin, anthocyanin, campesterol, choline, cycloartenol, gallic acid, trigonelline (seed); precol, abrol, abrasine and precasine (root); delphinidin (plant); glycyrrhizin (leaf, root).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Abrin 1393-62-0 Not Available Not Available
Abrol 8055-08-1 N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)e
thanamide
C8H9NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Precol Not available Not available C37H70O4
Abrasine Not available Not available C18H21N3O3
Campesterol 474-62-4 17-(5,6-dimethylhept
an-2-yl)-10,13-dimet
hyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,1
2,14,15,16 ,17-dode
cahydro-1H-cyclopent
a[a]phenanthren-3-ol
C28H48O Click Here To Enlarge
Choline 67-48-1 2-hydroxyethyl-trime
thyl-ammonium
C5H14NO+ Click Here To Enlarge
Cycloartenol Not Available Not Available C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Gallic acid 149-91-7 3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid
C7H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Trigonelline 6138-40-5 1-methylpyridine-5-c
arboxylate
C7H7NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Delphinidin 528-53-0 [3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,
4,5-trihydroxyphenyl
)-chromen-5-ylidene]
oxonium ch loride
C15H11ClO7 Click Here To Enlarge
Glycyrrhizin 53956-04-0 6-[(11-carboxy-4,4,6
a,6b,8a,11,14b-hepta
methyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a
,5,6,7,8,9 ,10,12,1
2a,14a-dodecahydro-1
H-picen-3-yl)oxy]-5-
(6-carboxy-3,4,5-tri
hy droxy-oxan-2-yl)
oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-ox
ane-2-carboxylic
acid
C42H62O16 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Cough, cold and colic (root decoction); as a nervine tonic, abortifacient, in stomach ulcers, skin maladies, diarrhea and dysentery (seed); in paralysis and sciatica (seed paste) and swellings (leaf juice), for inflammed eyes (leaves), seed paste is applied locally in sciatica, stiffness of shoulder joint and paralysis.

Contraindication

Pillay et al., 2005 report an unusual case of poisoning involving the white seed variety of Abrus precatorius that caused serious manifestations in a middle-aged male who had consumed the seeds on the advice of a folk medicine practitioner.
Abrin,a toxic protein obtained from the seeds of Abrus precatorius (jequirity bean), cause gastrointestinal toxicity.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.)


Chen YL, Chow LP, Tsugita A, Lin JY. The Complete Primary Structure of Abrin-a B Chain. FEBS Lett 1992;309:115-118.

Johnson T. Medicinal Plants (Bentley and Trimen); CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference.

Kimura M, Sumizawa T, Funatsu G. The complete amino acid sequences of the B-chains of abrin-a and abrin-b, toxic proteins from the seeds of Abrus precatorius. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1993;57:166-169.

Olsnes S, Pihl A Kinetics of binding of the toxic lectins abrin and ricin to surface receptors of human cells. J Biol Chem 1976; 251:3977-3984.

Parrotta JA, Healing plants of Peninsular India. CAB International, Wallingford, 2001, UK.944 p.

Prakash & Mathur, Indian J Exp Biol, 1976, 14, 623.


Uniyal et al., Medicinal Flora of Garhwal Himalayas.

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